The intelligence gleaned from this source, codenamed " Ultra" by the British, was a substantial aid to the Allied war effort. During the war, allied codebreakers were able to decrypt a vast number of messages that had been enciphered using the Enigma. Five weeks before the outbreak of World War II, on 25 July 1939, in Warsaw, the Polish Cipher Bureau gave Enigma-decryption techniques and equipment to French and British military intelligence.
In December 1932, the Polish Cipher Bureau began breaking Germany's Enigma ciphers. Several different Enigma models were produced, but the German military models, the Wehrmacht Enigmas, are the ones most commonly discussed. This model and its variants were used commercially from the early 1920s, and adopted by military and government services of several countries - most notably by Nazi Germany before and during World War II. The first Enigma was invented by German engineer Arthur Scherbius at the end of World War I. The plugboard, keyboard, lamps, and finger-wheels of the rotors emerging from the inner lid of a three-rotor German military Enigma machine File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-2007-0705-502, Chiffriermaschine "Enigma".jpgĪn Enigma machine is any of a family of related electro-mechanical rotor machines used for the encryption and decryption of secret messages.
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